Mining Block Quasi-Cutting Engineering Layout
Mine design from the "inside out"
Based on preliminary economics, a cut-off grade is determined and used to establish a resource from the block model. Based on the base case mining method and the block model resource, specialized stope shape optimizer software tools can be used to determine the in-situ recoverable tonnes and grade, including planned dilution.
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Fundamentals of 3D modelling and resource …
The prerequisite of maintaining an efficient and safe mining operation is the proper design of a mine by considering all aspects. The first step in a coal mine design is a realistic geometrical ...
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Block Caving Mining Method, Application Of | SpringerLink
Block caving is a mining ore mining method in which deep hole or medium-deep hole drilling blasting technology is applied for caving at one time in a stage. The layout of ore blocks and extracting technology are generally similar to that of sublevel caving method with sill pillar and external force of drilling blasting is required for caving.
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Numerical analysis of deep hole multi-stage cut blasting of …
Due to the high in situ stress of the deep rock mass and the restraining effect of the surrounding rock, the deep hole blasting of vertical shaft faces the problems of low borehole utilization rate and poor blasting effect. In this regard, this paper proposes a deep hole multi-stage cut blasting technology of vertical shaft. Preliminary engineering practice shows that such cut …
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Block Caving Mining Method, Application Of
1School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China 2Chinese Academy of Engineering, Beijing, China Block caving is a mining ore mining method in which deep hole or medium-deep hole drilling blasting technology is applied for caving at one time in a stage. The layout of ore blocks and
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Rock engineering aspects of a modified mining sequence in …
This will ensure that improved geological information is available. Rock engineering aspects of a modified mining sequence in a dip pillar layout Seismic activity at Kusasalethu Mine Figure 2—Multi-raise sequence. The coloured blocks indicate the mining areas that are mined out per mining step, while the white block represents solid ground.
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Stope Structural Parameters Design towards …
A reliable design of stopes is critical to ensure both safety and efficiency in mining operations. The evolving mining methods and technologies as well as increasing mining depth dictate the need to continually improve …
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Underground Mining Methods and Equipment
ventilation, mining machinery, excavation, cutting, drilling, loading, hauling Contents 1. Underground Mining Methods 1.1. Classification of Underground Mining Methods 1.2. Underground Operations in General 1.3. Room-and-pillar Mining 1.4. Sublevel Stoping 1.5. Cut-and-fill Stoping 1.6. Longwall Mining 1.7. Sublevel Caving 1.8. Block Caving 2.
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Experimental Study on the Mechanical Stability and
The mechanical behavior of the coal body acted upon by varying pressure is very important for the stability analysis of the actual mining face. Based on the designed stress loading path, uniaxial compression tests are performed on coal samples of different coal steps in the presence of various loading rates. The main goal of this investigation is to examine the …
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(PDF) A review of pillar design for platinum mining to …
Engineering Classification of Rock Masses for the Design of Tunnel Support An analysis of some 200 tunnel case records has revealed a useful correlation between the amount and type of permanent ...
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Review and application of stope support design criteria
Review and application of stope support design criteria rock engineer to estimate support spacing based predomi-nantly upon past experience. In order to improve safety and continue mining at increasing depth, an improved engineering approach is required to design effective support systems with optimum spacing of support units. To this end,
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Review of Mathematical Models Applied in Open-Pit Mining
These include (i) cut-off grade optimisation, (ii) block economic evaluation, (iii) slope design and requirements, (iv) pit design and optimisation and (v) pushback design. An ideal mining system constitutes of a mine, ore processing stream and metal refinery, which are optimally planned to avoid losses (Githiria et al. 2016). Modelling of ...
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308 Underground Mining Stope Layout Optimization …
analogous to the ultimate pit limit in open pit mining, and that it defines the design in underground mining. The optimal stope layout is defined by the size, location and number of stopes within …
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Cutting in Underground Mining
Cutting Drift. It is a necessary sinking and driving engineering used to form the blocked-out ore reserves in the stope (or ore blocks), and to form the free surface and …
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Block Caving Mining Method: Transformation and Its
The block caving mining method has become increasingly popular in the last two decades. Meanwhile, Indonesia has several potential ore bodies which have not yet determined suitable mining methods.
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Development and Construction Update of the Grasberg …
adjacent production block as caving will be propagating in the active block as the adjacent block is being initiated. Abutment stresses and early dilution are well-known risks when starting a new block against an active block. The current plan is to fully develop the production panels and drawpoints along the block boundaries and allow caving to
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Deep Mining: A Rock Engineering Challenge
Increasing demand for metals caused by global economic growth and exploitation of shallow mineral deposits forces mineral extraction to go deeper. A direct consequence of this development is an increase in rock pressure-related mining problems. The role of rock engineering in the design and operation of deep mines is discussed in detail. Critical issues …
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Research on the method of determining the block size for …
The block model serves as the foundation for various crucial tasks in open-pit mining, including production planning, grade and geological resource reserve estimation, ultimate pit design, and ore ...
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Strategies for Mine Planning and Design | SpringerLink
Modelling, estimation and simulation of new variables for new forms of mining—deep mining, particularly block caving, and solution mining. (4) Flexibility in planning …
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Orebody cavability prediction challenges in block caving mining …
A traditional block caving mine considers the development of an undercut level that allows blocky or veined rock masses to fracture, fail, and unravel when the undercut area is large enough. Once caving initiates, the rock mass progressively fails when induced stresses overcome the rock mass strength and when fractured rock masses unravel under gravity into …
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Cut-and-Fill Mining Method
Cut-and-fill mining method can be applied in various types of ore bodies. It has distinct advantages for high-grade, rare, and high-value ore bodies, the deposits whose surface subsidence is unaccepted, the deposits with complicated mining environment, the deposits underwater bodies, main railway lines, and important buildings, the deposits of unstable ore …
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Optimisation of mining block size for narrow, tabular …
blocks in the mining block model are guided by the mining method and how selective the ore can be mined to minimise dilution (Hartman, et al., 1992). It has been found that on some narrow tabular ...
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(PDF) Rock mechanics related to mining …
There are two missions for rock mechanics to accomplish in mining engineering: (1) to destroy rock efficiently; (2) to make rock structures safe.
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(PDF) Mining Methods-Part II: Surface Mining-Planning and Design …
Figures shows: In order to keep the pit dry, There are 40 dewatering pumps around the Cortez pit pumping water out of the ground at a total rate of 30,000 gallons per minute.
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Mine portal design: considerations, methods and practices
Abstract: Mine access portals are routinely developed to provide access to underground mines; typically, they are either developed within an existing open pit or in a specially developed box …
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Crushing Plant Design and Layout Considerations
The first two are dictated by production requirements and design parameters, but the layout can reflect the input, preferences and operational experience of a number of parties. These can include the owner's engineering staff, safety personnel, operations and maintenance personnel, equipment manufacturers, and the engineering consultant.
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(PDF) Economic Block Model Development for Mining
An economic block value of each mining block is then provided. The mining block database resulting from the study constitutes a valuable input into further studies on resource development.
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A mathematical model for the scheduling and definition of …
entire mining area before dividing the mining area to levels or panels. In contrast, the level-oriented algorithms are applied on a level or panel (Jalali, 2006). Riddle (1977) presented the …
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A hybrid extraction level layout design for block caving
The most widely used production level layouts in block cave mines have been the El Teniente and Herringbone. However, these patterns face some challenges that can be improved, such as reducing LHD cycle times, improved pillar geometries for a better production level stability and enhancements in time and cost during construction. In that context, this work proposes a …
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DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL MINING CUT-OFF …
In the mining industry, cut-off grade is arguably the single most important policy and operating parameter. The cut-off grade value directly impacts the economics, configuration and life of a mine ...
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